| Optics and Wave Optics |
| Q. Explain why the magnification is not uniform when a mobile phone lies along the principal axis of a concave mirror longitudinally. |
| Q. Explain the Cartesian sign convention for mirrors. |
| Q. Define critical angle. Explain total internal reflection using a neat diagram. |
| Q. Explain the formation of a mirage. |
| Q. Explain the formation of a rainbow. |
| Q. Why does the setting sun appear red? |
| Q. Explain Doppler effect in light. Distinguish between red shift and blue shift. |
| Q. What is total internal reflection? Explain the phenomenon using Huygens principle. |
| Q. Derive the expression for the intensity at a point where interference of light occurs. Arrive at the conditions for maximum and zero intensity. |
| Q. Does the principle of conservation of energy hold for interference and diffraction phenomena? Explain briefly. |
| Q. How do you determine the resolving power of your eye? |
| Q. Discuss the intensity of transmitted light when a Polaroid sheet is rotated between two crossed Polaroids. |
| Q. What is polarization of light? Explain Brewster’s law. |
| Electric Charges and Fields |
| Q. State and explain Coulomb’s inverse square law in electricity. |
| Q. Define intensity of electric field at a point. Derive an expression for the intensity due to a point charge. |
| Q. Derive the equation for the couple acting on an electric dipole in a uniform electric field. |
| Q. Derive an expression for the intensity of the electric field at a point on the axial line of an electric dipole. |
| Q. Derive an expression for the intensity of the electric field at a point on the equatorial plane of an electric dipole. |
| Q. State Gauss’s law in electrostatics and explain its importance. |
| Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance |
| Q. Derive an expression for the electric potential due to a point charge. |
| Q. Derive an expression for the electrostatic potential energy of a system of two point charges and find its relation with electric potential of a charge. |
| Q. Derive an expression for the potential energy of an electric dipole placed in a uniform electric field. |
| Q. Derive the formula for equivalent capacitance in series combination. |
| Q. Derive the formula for equivalent capacitance in parallel combination. |
Q. Derive an expression for the energy stored in a capacitor. What is the energy stored when the space between the plates is filled with a dielectric? a) With charging battery disconnected? b) With charging battery connected in the circuit? |
| Moving Charges and Magnetism |
| Q. State and explain Biot-Savart law. |
| Q. State and explain Ampere’s law. |
| Q. Obtain an expression for the torque on a current carrying loop placed in a uniform magnetic field. |
| Q. Describe the construction and working of a moving coil galvanometer. |
| Q. Find the magnetic induction due to a long current carrying conductor. |
| Q. Derive an expression for the magnetic induction at the centre of a current carrying circular coil using Biot-Savart law. |
| Q. Derive an expression for the magnetic induction at a point on the axis of a current carrying circular coil using Biot-Savart law. |
| Q. Obtain an expression for the magnetic dipole moment of a current loop. |
| Q. Derive an expression for the magnetic dipole moment of a revolving electron. |
| Q. Explain how crossed E and B fields serve as a velocity selector. |
| Q. What are the basic components of a cyclotron? Mention its uses. |
| Electromagnetic Induction |
| Q. Obtain an expression for the emf induced across a conductor which is moved in a uniform magnetic field which is perpendicular to the plane of motion. |
| Q. What are Eddy currents? Describe the ways in which Eddy currents are used to advantage. |
| Q. Obtain an expression for the mutual inductance of two long coaxial solenoids. |
| Q. Obtain an expression for the magnetic energy stored in a solenoid in terms of the magnetic field, area and length of the solenoid. |
| Atoms |
| Q. What is impact parameter and angle of scattering? How are they related to each other? |
| Q. Derive an expression for potential and kinetic energy of an electron in any orbit of a hydrogen atom according to Bohr’s atomic model. How does P.E. change with increasing n. |
| Q. What are the limitations of Bohr’s theory of hydrogen atom? |
| Q. Explain the distance of closest approach and impact parameter. |
| Q. Give a brief account of Thomson model of atom. What are its limitations? |
| Q. Describe Rutherford atom model. What are the draw backs of this model? |
| Q. Distinguish between excitation potential and ionization potential. |
| Q. Explain the different types of spectral series. |
| Q. Write a short note on Debroglie’s explanation of Bohr’s second postulate of quantization. |
| Semiconductor Devices |
| Q. What are n-type and p-type semiconductors? How is a semiconductor junction formed? |
| Q. Discuss the behaviour of p-n junction. How does a potential barrier develop at the junction? |
| Q. Draw and explain the current-voltage (I-V) characteristic curves of a junction diode in forward and reverse bias. |
| Q. Describe how a semiconductor diode is used as a half wave rectifier. |
| Q. What is rectification? Explain the working of a full wave rectifier. |
| Q. Distinguish between half-wave and full wave rectifiers. |
| Q. Distinguish between zener breakdown and avalanche breakdown. |
| Q. What is a Zener diode? Explain how it is used as a voltage regulator. |
| Q. Explain hole conduction in intrinsic semiconductors. |
| Q. What is photodiode? Explain its working with a circuit diagram and draw its I-V characteristics. |
| Q. Explain the working of LED and what are its advantages over conventional incandescent low power lamps? |
| Q. Explain the working of a solar cell and draw its I-V characteristics. |
| Q. In electric circuit transistor can be arranged in three configurations.
Common base configuration (CB) Common emitter configuration (CE) Common collector configuration (CC)
Explain how transistor can be used as a switch? Explain how transistor can be used as an oscillator?
|
| Q. Define NAND and NOR gates. Give their truth tables. |
| Q. Explain the operation of a NOT gate and give its truth table. |
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