| What are Pleomorphic bacteria? Give an example. |
Pleomorphic bacteria are those that can change their shape and form, such as becoming curved, club-shaped, filamentous, or coccoid, often due to environmental conditions or the absence of a rigid cell wall. A common example is Mycoplasma. |
| Define Hydroponics. |
Hydroponics is a method of growing plants in a nutrient-rich water solution instead of soil. The word comes from the Greek words hydro meaning water and ponos meaning labor. |
| Explain the role of the pink colour pigment in the root nodule of legume plants. What is it called? |
The enzyme nitrogenase is highly sensitive to the molecular oxygen. It is protected from oxygen by pink colour pigment called an oxygen scavenger, leg haemoglobin. |
| Who proposed the chromosome theory of Inheritance? |
The chromosome theory of inheritance was proposed independently by Walter Sutton and Theodor Boveri in 1902 and 1903, stating that genes are located on chromosomes and that inherited traits are controlled by them. |
| In a typical DNA molecule, the proportion of Thymine is 30% of the N bases. Find out the percentages of other N bases. |
Adenine - 20%
Guanine - 30%
Cytocine - 30% |
| What are the components of a nucleotide? |
A nucleotide has three main components: a phosphate group, a nitrogenous base, and a pentose sugar. |
| Name any two artificially restructured plasmids. |
Two examples of artificially restructured plasmids are pBR322 and pUC19. |
| What is Green Revolution? Who is regarded as Father of Green Revolution? |
The Green Revolution was a period of agricultural innovation that increased crop yields worldwide. M. S. Swaminathan is known as the "Father of the Green Revolution in India", and Norman Borlaug is known as the "Father of the Green Revolution in the world". |
| Name any two genetically modified crops. |
Two examples of genetically modified (GM) crops are Bt cotton and soybeans. |
| Name a microbe used for statin production. How do statins lower blood cholesterol level? |
The microbe Monascus purpureus, a yeast, is used to produce statins, which lower blood cholesterol levels. Statins work by blocking the enzyme that produces cholesterol. |
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